Indandatho Yokushelela Ye-Wind Turbine vs Indandatho Yokushelela Yerobhothi Yezimboni | Umehluko Wokuklama Nezinselele Zokusebenzisa

Amandla omoya amasha kanye namarobhothi ezimboni yizimo ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kwezindandatho zokushelela ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Izinhlobo ezimbili zemishini zinezimo zokusebenza ezihluke ngokuphelele, imingcele yemvelo, amazinga okuphila kwesevisi kanye ne-logic yokunyakaza, okubeka phambili izidingo ezibalulekile ezihlukene zezindandatho zokushelela ngokwezinga lomthwalo wamandla, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwemvelo, impilo yokumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokunemba kokudlulisela.

Izindandatho zokushelela zenhloso ejwayelekile emakethe azikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nalezi zimo ezimbili ezimbi kakhulu ngasikhathi sinye. Ukukhetha okungaboni kuzobangela kalula ukwehluleka okufana nokwehluleka kokugqwala, ukujiya kwesiginali, ukuguguleka kanye nokuncipha okusheshayo kwempilo yesevisi. Kusukela ezilinganisweni ezinhlanu eziyinhloko kufaka phakathi izinga lamandla, ukuzivumelanisa nemvelo, izinga lempilo yesevisi, izici zokusebenza kanye namaphuzu obuhlungu ayinhloko, lesi sihloko siqhathanisa ngokujulile umehluko wokuklama kanye nezinselele zokusetshenziswa kweizindandatho zokushelela ze-turbine yomoya kanye nezindandatho zokushelela zerobhothi yezimboni, futhi ichaza kabanzi ngezixazululo zobuchwepheshe ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze inikeze izinkomba ezithembekile zokukhetha imboni.

1. Ukubuka Konke Komehluko Womklamo Oyinhloko Phakathi Kwezindandatho Ezimbili Zokushelela Zesimo

Imishini yamandla omoya igxile ekusebenzeni isikhathi eside kakhulu, ukumelana nezimo zangaphandle ngokweqile kanye nokudluliselwa okuqhubekayo kwamandla aphezulu; kuyilapho amarobhothi ezimboni egxile ekuzivumelaniseni nendawo ehlanzekile, ukumelana nokukhathala okuphindaphindayo okuphindaphindwayo kanye nokudluliselwa kwesignali okunembile kakhulu. Umehluko oyinhloko wamapharamitha umi kanje:

2. Indandatho Yokushelela Ye-Wind Turbine: Idizayini Enzima Enokumelana Nesimo Sezulu Esibi Kakhulu kanye Nempilo Yesevisi Ehlala Isikhathi Eside Engenakulungiswa

Izindandatho zokushelela ze-wind turbine zifakwa kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezijikelezayo ze-nacelle kanye nesikhungo sama-wind turbine asogwini nasogwini, zenza imisebenzi eyinhloko yokuphakelwa kwamandla aphezulu, isignali yokulawula kanye nokudluliswa kwedatha yenzwa yezinhlelo ze-pitch. Imishini ye-wind turbine inomsebenzi onzima wokusebenza nokugcinwa ngemva kokuthunyelwa, ikakhulukazi ama-wind turbine asogwini anezindleko zokulungisa eziphansi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, imiqondo eyinhloko yokuklama yama-wind turbine slip rings ifakiwe.ukumelana nezimo ezimbi kakhulu, impilo yesevisi ende kakhulu, ukunakekelwa okuphansi kanye nokuqina okuphezulu kokushisa.

Ukuze zivumelane nezimo ezinzima zasogwini lolwandle okuhlanganisa ukufuthwa ngosawoti omningi, umswakama omningi, izinguquko ezinkulu zokushisa ezishintshashintshayo kanye nokuguguleka kwesiphepho sesihlabathi, izindandatho zomoya ezingochwepheshe zisebenzisa i-isakhiwo esivikelwe ngokuphelele sokulwa nokugqwalaIgobolondo lenziwe nge-alloy yokulwa nokugqwala enamandla aphezulu enezinqubo eziningi zokufafaza ngokudlulisa umoya kanye nokulwa nokugqwala. Isakhiwo sangaphakathi sokuvala esinezingqimba eziningi sihlukanisa ngokuphelele umhwamuko wamanzi, isifutho sikasawoti kanye nokungena kothuli, ngokuyisisekelo sisusa ukugqwala kwensimbi, ukuguga kokushisa, ukuvuza kukagesi kanye namaphutha okujikeleza okufushane ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kuzo zonke izimo zezulu.

Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamashumi ezigidi zesikhathi sokuphila kwenkonzo ende kakhulu kanye nokuguqulwa komshini okuphelele kweminyaka engama-20, umkhiqizo usebenzisa amabhangqa okuxhumana aqinile futhi angagugi ahambisana nesakhiwo esizigcobayo esisebenza isikhathi eside, okunciphisa kakhulu ukulahlekelwa ukungqubuzana ngesikhathi sokusebenza isikhathi eside futhi kuvimbele ngempumelelo izingozi ezifihliwe njengokumelana nokuxhumana kanye nokuguga kokuguga. Okwamanje, iluphu yokudlulisa yamandla aphezulu elungiselelwe kahle ixazulula izinkinga zokukhiqizwa kokushisa, ukwehla kwamandla kagesi kanye nokukhishwa kwawo ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kwamandla aphezulu, ivumelana ngokuphelele nemithwalo ye-turbine yomoya esezingeni le-megawatt, inciphisa kakhulu imvamisa yokulungiswa kokuvalwa kwe-turbine yomoya futhi ilawule ngempumelelo izindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa okuphelele kwamaphrojekthi wamandla omoya.

3. Indandatho Yokushelela Yerobhothi Yezimboni: Umklamo Olula Onokunemba Okuhlanzekile Nokumelana Nokukhathala Okukhulu

Izindandatho zokushelela zamarobhothi ezimboni zisetshenziswa kabanzi kumarobhothi ezimboni angu-6-axis, amarobhothi abambisene, amarobhothi okuhlunga kanye neminye imishini, ekhonza imigqa yokukhiqiza ehlanzekile ephezulu njenge-3C electronics, ukukhiqiza ngokunemba kanye nezimboni zokudla nezokwelapha.ukunyakaza okushesha kakhulu okuphindaphindayo, ukuyeka ukuqala njalo kanye nokuguquguquka kwama-engeli amaningiNgaphezu kwalokho, ama-workshop ahlanzekile anezidingo eziqinile zokusebenza kwemishini engenakungcola, engenamsindo ophansi kanye nokunemba okuphezulu. Ngakho-ke, imiqondo eyinhloko yokuklama yama-robot slip rings yileihlanzekile futhi ayinakungcola, inembile futhi izinzile, ukumelana nokukhathala okuvame kakhulu kanye nokungazinzi kwesignali.

Ngokuphathelene nokuzivumelanisa nemvelo, izindandatho zokushelela ezinikezelwe yirobhothi ziyayeka ukwakheka kokugcoba ngamafutha kwendabuko bese zisebenzisainqubo yokumelana nokuguguleka okomile okungenawo uwoyela nothuli, ngaphandle kokungcola okuwayo noma ukugcwala kukawoyela ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kuhlangabezana ngokugcwele nezindinganiso ezihlanzekile zezindawo zokusebenzela ezingenalo uthuli nezihlanzekile futhi kugwenywa ukungcola kwesibili ezindaweni zokusebenza ezinembile kanye nezindawo zokukhiqiza. Okwamanje, isakhiwo esilula nesincane sivumelana nendawo encane yokufaka yamarobhothi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, futhi izici zokusebenza eziphansi zokunciphisa umswakama zinciphisa ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okusebenza kwemishini nomsindo ongajwayelekile.

Ngokuphathelene nokuzivumelanisa nokusebenza, okuhloselwe izimo zokusebenza zezigidi zezinguquko eziphindaphindayo kanye nokushintshashintsha okuvamile kokuqala nokuma, isakhiwo sokuxhumana esinwebekayo esithuthukisiwe sithuthukisa kakhulu amandla okulwa nokukhathala kanye nokulwa nomthelela wama-pair wokuxhumana, angamelana nokuguquguquka komthwalo osheshayo ophindaphindayo futhi axazulule ngokuphelele izinkinga ezivamile njengokungathintitha okujikelezayo, ukuphazamiseka kwesignali kanye nokujikijela kwedatha. Uma kuqhathaniswa nomklamo wokuvikela wesizinda esigcwele ocwengekile, ihlukanisa ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic eshabhu, iqinisekisa ukudluliselwa okunembile nokuzinzile kokulawulwa kwe-robot servo, ukudluliselwa okubonakalayo kanye nezibonakaliso ze-IO, futhi ihlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza okuzenzakalelayo okunembile.

4. Isiphetho: Ukwenza Ngokwezifiso Isimo Kuyisisekelo Sokusebenza Kwendandatho Ezinzile

Izindandatho zokushelela ze-turbine yomoya zilandelaukumelana nokugqwala, impilo ende yesevisi, ukumelana nomthwalo osindayo kanye nokusebenza okungenakulungiswaukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokusebenza ezisindayo zangaphandle; izindandatho zokushelela zamarobhothi ezimboni ziyalandelwaukuhlanzeka, ukunemba, ukumelana nokukhathala kanye nokuqina okuphezuluukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokwenza izinto ngokunemba kwangaphakathi okusezingeni eliphezulu. Nakuba le mikhiqizo emibili inokubukeka okufanayo, ihluke ngokuphelele ekukhetheni izinto, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, ukuphathwa kwenqubo kanye nokulungisa amaphutha okusebenza, ngaphandle kwesisombululo esihlukile esijwayelekile.

Sigxile ku-R&D, ukwenza ngokwezifiso kanye nokukhiqizwa ngokunemba kwama-slip rings, senqaba ukwakheka okujwayelekile okujwayelekile. Sihlinzeka ngezixazululo ze-slip ring ezikhethekile zomuntu ngamunye ezigxile ezindaweni ezibuhlungu zesimo sokusebenza zezimboni ezihlukene njengamandla omoya, amarobhothi ezimboni kanye nokuzivumelanisa nokupakisha, ukufanisa ngokunembile amandla, impilo yesevisi, imvelo kanye nezidingo zokunemba zezimo ezahlukene, kanye nokuvikela ukusebenza okuzinzile kwemishini yokuzivumelanisa esezingeni eliphezulu.

Emigqeni yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo yokupakisha ukudla, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, imithi kanye nezinye izimboni, ibhasi le-EtherCAT seliyisixazululo esiyinhloko sokuxhumana semishini yokupakisha esheshayo ukuze kufezwe ukuxhumana kwe-servo okune-axis eminingi, ukubeka okubonakalayo kanye nokusika okusheshayo ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokuvumelanisa okuphezulu. Kodwa-ke, imigqa eminingi yokukhiqiza ivame ukuhlushwa amaphutha angenakulungiseka, okuhlanganisa ukuntengantenga kwemishini okungajwayelekile, amaphutha ebhasi, ukulahleka kwephakethe ledatha kanye nokuvalwa okuphuthumayo.

Amaphutha anjalo ayakhohlisa kakhulu. Imishini ingalulama okwesikhashana ngemva kokuqala kabusha, futhi ayikwazi ukutholakala ngokuxazulula izinkinga zikagesi ezivamile, ukuhlolwa kwesekethe kanye nokulungisa izinhlelo, ukusebenza kokukhiqiza okukhathazayo kanye nokugcinwa isikhathi eside. Inani elikhulu lamacala asendaweni lifakazela ukuthi amaphutha amaningi okunqanyulwa kwe-EtherCAT kanye nokuvalwa kwemishini yokupakisha awabangelwa izinkinga zesistimu noma zesekethe, kodwa ukudluliswa kwesignali yendandatho yokushelela engazinzile ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezijikelezayo ngesivinini esikhulu. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlaziywa okuphelele kokuthi ama-slip ring enziwe ngokwezifiso aqeda kanjani ngokuphelele amaphutha okuxhumana komugqa wokupakisha ngokulandela umqondo othi "Inkinga-Isixazululo-Umphumela" ngecala langempela lephrojekthi.

1. Isizinda Sephrojekthi kanye Nesenzakalo Sephutha Esisendaweni

Imigqa eminingi yokukhiqiza amaphakeji emicamelo esheshayo yebhizinisi elikhulu lamakhemikhali lasekhaya lansuku zonke ekuqaleni yayifakwe izindandatho zokushelela ezijwayelekile zomkhiqizo ongenisiwe. Ngemva konyaka owodwa wokusebenza okuzinzile, imishini yaqala ukuhlushwa amaphutha aphindaphindayo, enezimpawu ezijwayelekile ezilandelayo:

1. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuqhubekayo kwemishini ngesivinini esikhulu, kuvela ama-alamu esistimu avamile afaka phakathi iphutha lebhasi le-EtherCAT, ukulahleka kohlaka lwedatha kanye nesiteshi sezigqila esingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi;

2. Amaphutha avele ngokungahleliwe ngaphandle kwemithetho eqinile, futhi azobangela ukuvalwa okuphuthumayo komshini wonke ezimweni ezinzima, okuphazamisa isigqi sokukhiqiza;

3. Imishini iyalulama okwesikhashana ngemva kokuqala kabusha, futhi abasebenzi bokusebenza nokulungisa bayahluleka ukuthola izinkinga ngemva kokuhlola izintambo zenethiwekhi, izixhumi, amapharamitha e-servo namakhodi ohlelo.

Amaphutha aphindaphindwayo esikhathi eside aholela ngqo ekwehleni kwesilinganiso sokusebenza komugqa wokukhiqiza, ukwanda kwemikhiqizo enephutha njengokupakisha okungaqondile kanye nokusika okungalungile, ukukhula okuqhubekayo kokulahlekelwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, izindleko zokugcinwa kwabasebenzi kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuvala, okuthinta kakhulu ukukhiqizwa okukhulu nokuzinzile kwebhizinisi.

2. Ukuhlaziywa Kwembangela Ejulile

Ngokuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa ngokwezinga, ukuqapha isignali enamandla kanye nokuqinisekiswa kokulingisa isimo sokusebenza, ithimba lethu lobuchwepheshe ekugcineni liqinisekisile imbangela eyinhloko yephutha:izindandatho ezivamile zokushelela ezinesakhiwo nezinto ezivamile azikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokusebenza zokuxhumana zesikhathi sangempela ze-EtherCAT.

Uma umshini wokupakisha usebenza ngesivinini esikhulu isikhathi eside, ukuthintana kwephuzu elilodwa kwezindandatho ezivamile zokushelela kuzokhiqiza ukudlidliza okuncane kanye nokuphuma kwe-radial, okuholela ekushintsheni okuguquguqukayo kokumelana kokuthinta. Njengoba ibhasi le-EtherCAT lidinga ukuqhubeka kwesignali ephezulu kakhulu kanye nokuqina, izinguquko ezincane zokumelana zizobangela ukunqanyulwa kwesignali okusheshayo kanye nokulahleka kohlaka lwedatha, ekugcineni okuholela emaphutheni ebhasi kanye nokuvalwa kwemishini. Ngamafuphi, izindandatho zokushelela zendabuko zihlangabezana nezidingo eziyisisekelo zokunikezwa kwamandla futhi azifaneleki nhlobo ezimweni zokudlulisela ezinembile kakhulu zamabhasi esivinini esikhulu ezimbonini.

3. Isixazululo Sendandatho Yokushelela Eqondiwe Eyenziwe Ngokwezifiso

Sihlanganise nezici zokusebenza kwemishini yokupakisha okuhlanganisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwamahora angama-24, ukujikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu, ukuhanjiswa kwesikhathi sangempela kwe-EtherCAT kanye nendawo eyinkimbinkimbi kagesi kagesi, sethule uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-isisombululo esikhethekile sendandatho yokushelela ngokunemba kwamabhasi e-EtherCAT emishini yokupakishaukuxazulula amaphuzu obuhlungu ayinhloko avela ezicini ezintathu: isakhiwo, izinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokusebenza kokulwa nokuphazamiseka:

(1) Isakhiwo sokuxhumana esihambisanayo esinamaphoyinti amaningi siqeda ukunqamuka okusheshayo

Njengoba ishiya umklamo wendabuko wokuxhumana wephuzu elilodwa, isakhiwo sokuxhumana esihambisanayo esinamaphuzu amaningi siqeda ngempumelelo ukudlidliza kanye nokuphambuka kwe-radial okubangelwa ukusebenza kwesivinini esikhulu, sigcina ukuxhumana okuzinzile kulo lonke ukusebenza, sisusa ngokuphelele izingozi ezifihliwe zokuxhumana okubi okusheshayo kanye nokuphazamiseka kwesignali ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza zesivinini esikhulu, futhi siqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokudlulisela kusuka ezingeni elibonakalayo.

(2) Izinto zokuthintana ezimbozwe ngegolide ezingagugi ziqinisa ukudluliswa kwesignali okuvama kakhulu

Isebenzisa izinto zokuxhumana eziqinile futhi ezingagugi ezimbozwe ngegolide, inezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokumelana nokuxhumana okuphansi kakhulu, ukuguquguquka okuncane kokumelana, ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokumelana nokukhathala, ivumelana kahle nezici zokudlulisa isignali yomehluko wemvamisa ephezulu ye-EtherCAT, futhi iqeda ukuyeka kwebhasi, ukwehluleka kokuvumelanisa kanye namaphutha angaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi abangelwa ukuguqulwa kokumelana.

(3) Umklamo wokuvikela owenziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nowokulwa nokuphazamiseka uvumelana nesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi somugqa wokukhiqiza

Sihlose ukwakheka okuqinile kwama-servo motors kanye nama-frequency converters emigqeni yokukhiqiza amaphakheji, senza ngcono isakhiwo sezintambo zangaphakathi futhi sakhe ungqimba oluzinikele lokuvikela isignali ukuze sihlukanise ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic ye-EMC, siqinisekise ubuqotho kanye nokusebenza kwesikhathi sangempela kokudluliswa kwedatha ye-EtherCAT, futhi sigweme ukukhubazeka kokuxhumana okubangelwa yizici zangaphandle zemvelo.

4. Umphumela Wokusebenza Kwensimu kanye Nenani Lamakhasimende

Ngemva kokufakwa nokushintshwa kwezindandatho zokushelela ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, wonke amaphutha ebhasi le-EtherCAT emishini aqedwa ngokuphelele ngemvaIzinyanga eziyi-12 zokuqinisekiswa kokusebenza okuqhubekayo komthwalo ogcweleAkukho ukulahleka kwephakethe ledatha, iphutha lebhasi noma ukuvalwa okungazelelwe, futhi izinga lempumelelo yokuxhumana lahlala lizinzile ngo-100%.

Ngokuphathelene nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, izinga lokusebenza elisebenzayo lomugqa wokukhiqiza lenyuke ngaphezu kuka-12%, kanti izinga lokungasebenzi kahle kokupakisha lehle laya ngaphakathi kuka-0.1%. Laqeda ngokuphelele ukulahleka kwamandla kanye nokungcola kwezinto ezibangelwa ukuvalwa okungahleliwe. Okwamanje, umjikelezo wesikhathi eside wokungabi nokugcinwa kwama-slip rings enziwe ngokwezifiso wandiswa kakhulu, okunciphisa kakhulu imvamisa yokuhlolwa kwemishini kanye nezindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa, futhi kufeza ngempela imigomo emibili yokusebenza okuzinzile kwemishini nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamabhizinisi.

5. Isiphetho

Amaphutha amaningi okuxhumana e-EtherCAT emishinini yokupakisha awabangelwa izinkinga zesistimu kagesi noma zekhodi yohlelo, kodwa amaphutha aphindaphindayo avela ekungahambelani phakathiizindandatho zokushelela zenhloso ejwayelekile kanye nezimo zokusebenza zebhasi ezinembe kakhuluEsikhundleni sokuxazulula izinkinga zikagesi ngokungazi, ukukhetha izindandatho zokushelela ezinikezelwe ngebhasi ezingochwepheshe ezinesakhiwo esilungiselelwe kahle kanye nokuguquguquka okuphansi kokumelana kuyisisombululo esifanele sokususa ngokuphelele amaphutha anjalo ngokushesha. Sigxile ezixazululweni zendandatho yokushelela ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zemishini ezenzakalelayo, sinikeza izixazululo ezikhethekile zemigqa yokukhiqiza yokupakisha esheshayo kanye nezimo zokudlulisa amabhasi ngokunemba ukusiza amabhizinisi ukuthi aqaphele ukusebenza kwemishini okusebenzayo, okuzinzile nokunephutha eliphansi.